# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""Show elegant plots in any dimension """
import abc
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy
from matplotlib.widgets import Slider
from scipy import linspace
[docs]class Plotter:
"""Plots something in N-dimensional space"""
[docs] @abc.abstractmethod
def scatter(self, vectors):
"""Plots scatter data
:param vectors: list of vectors (x, y, ...)
"""
pass
[docs] @abc.abstractmethod
def param(self, functions, min_val, max_val, points):
"""Plots parametric data
:param functions: functions to plot (x, y ...)
:param min_val: minimum value
:param max_val: maximum value
:param points: number of points to display
"""
pass
[docs] @abc.abstractmethod
def plot(self, func, mins, maxs, points):
"""Plots function
:param func: function to plot
:param mins: minimum of values (x, y ...)
:param maxs: maximum of values (x, y ...)
:param points: points in axis (x, y ...)
"""
pass
[docs] @staticmethod
def show_plot():
"""Shows plot"""
plt.legend()
plt.show()
[docs]class Plot2d(Plotter):
"""2d plot"""
[docs] def scatter(self, vectors):
vector_x = vectors[0]
vector_y = vectors[1]
plt.plot(vector_x, vector_y, "-o")
self.show_plot()
[docs] def param(self, functions, min_val, max_val, points):
function_x = functions[0]
function_y = functions[1]
# limits and plot
theta = linspace(min_val, max_val, points)
x_axis = function_x(theta)
y_axis = function_y(theta)
plt.plot(x_axis, y_axis)
self.show_plot()
[docs] def plot(self, func, mins, maxs, points):
min_x = mins[0]
max_x = maxs[0]
points = points[0]
x_values = linspace(min_x, max_x, points)
plt.plot(x_values, func(x_values))
self.show_plot()
[docs]class Plot3d(Plotter):
"""3D plot"""
[docs] def scatter(self, vectors):
vector_x = vectors[0]
vector_y = vectors[1]
vector_z = vectors[2]
# general settings
fig = plt.figure()
chart = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
# plot
chart.scatter(vector_x, vector_y, vector_z, c="r", marker="o")
self.show_plot()
[docs] def param(self, functions, min_val, max_val, points):
function_x = functions[0]
function_y = functions[1]
function_z = functions[2]
# general settings
fig = plt.figure()
chart = fig.gca(projection="3d")
# limits and plot
theta = linspace(min_val, max_val, points)
x_axis = function_x(theta)
y_axis = function_y(theta)
z_axis = function_z(theta)
chart.plot(x_axis, y_axis, z_axis)
chart.legend()
# show
self.show_plot()
[docs] def plot(self, func, mins, maxs, points):
min_x, min_y = mins[0], mins[1]
max_x, max_y = maxs[0], maxs[1]
points_x, points_y = points[0], points[1]
# general settings
chart = plt.axes(projection="3d")
# points
x_axis = numpy.outer(
linspace(min_x, max_x, points_x), numpy.ones(points_x)
)
y_axis = numpy.outer(
linspace(min_y, max_y, points_y), numpy.ones(points_y)
).T
z_axis = func(x_axis, y_axis)
# plot
chart.plot_surface(
x_axis, y_axis, z_axis,
cmap=plt.cm.jet, rstride=1, cstride=1, linewidth=0
)
self.show_plot()
[docs]class Plot4d(Plotter):
"""4D plot generator with slider"""
@DeprecationWarning
def scatter(self, vectors):
pass
@DeprecationWarning
def param(self, functions, min_val, max_val, points):
pass
[docs] def plot(self, func, mins, maxs, points=None):
self.plot_type(func, mins, maxs, 0.5, "slice")
[docs] def plot_type(self, func, mins, maxs, precision, kind):
"""Plots function
:param func: function to plot
:param mins: minimum of values (x, y ...)
:param maxs: maximum of values (x, y ...)
:param precision: precision to plot
:param kind: kind of plot, "slice", "countour"
"""
min_x, min_y, min_z = mins[0], mins[1], mins[2]
max_x, max_y, max_z = maxs[0], maxs[1], maxs[2]
def set_labels(graph, label_x, label_y, label_z):
"""Sets given labels to axes of graph
:param graph: plot
:param label_x: new label on x axis
:param label_y: new label on y axis
:param label_z: new label on z axis
"""
graph.set_xlabel(label_x)
graph.set_ylabel(label_y)
graph.set_zlabel(label_z)
def set_limits(graph):
"""Set chart limits to axes of graph
:param graph: plot
"""
graph.set_xlim(min_x, max_x)
graph.set_ylim(min_y, max_y)
graph.set_zlim(min_z, max_z)
def get_precision(min_val, max_val):
"""Calculates precision
:param min_val: minimum
:param max_val: maximum
:return: precision: prevision of values
"""
return int((max_val - min_val) * (1 + precision))
def get_precision_delta(min_val, max_val):
"""Calculates precision delta
:param min_val: minimum
:param max_val: maximum
:return: delta: Precision delta
"""
return float(max_val - min_val) / float(10 * precision)
def plot_slice():
""" Plots slice
:return: shows plot
"""
chart = plt.axes(projection="3d") # general settings
points_x = get_precision(min_x, max_x)
points_y = get_precision(min_y, max_z)
x_axis = numpy.outer(linspace(min_x, max_x, points_x), points_x)
y_axis = numpy.outer(
linspace(min_y, max_y, points_y).flatten(), points_y
).T
def update(val):
"""Updates chart with value
:param val: value
"""
chart.clear()
x_const = slider.val
z_axis = func(x_const, x_axis, y_axis)
chart.plot_surface(
x_axis, y_axis, z_axis, alpha=0.3, linewidth=2.0
)
set_labels(chart, "y", "z", "w")
# slider
axis_slider = plt.axes([0.12, 0.03, 0.78, 0.03], axisbg="white")
slider = Slider(axis_slider, "x", min_x, max_x, valinit=min_x)
slider.on_changed(update)
set_limits(chart)
self.show_plot()
slider.on_changed(update)
set_labels(chart, "y", "z", "w")
def plot_countour():
"""Plots countour
"""
# general settings
fig = plt.figure()
chart = fig.gca(projection="3d")
# create axes
x_axis = numpy.arange(min_x, max_x, get_precision_delta(
min_x, max_x)).tolist()
y_axis = numpy.arange(min_y, max_y, get_precision_delta(
min_y, max_y)).tolist()
x_axis, y_axis = numpy.meshgrid(x_axis, y_axis)
def update(val):
"""Updates chart with value
:param val: value
"""
chart.clear() # re-plot
x_const = slider.val
z_axis = []
# add new points
for i, _ in enumerate(x_axis):
z_axis.append(func(x_const, x_axis[i], y_axis[i]))
# show
chart.contour(
x_axis, y_axis, z_axis, zdir="x", offset=min_x
)
chart.contour(
x_axis, y_axis, z_axis, zdir="y", offset=min_y
)
chart.contour(
x_axis, y_axis, z_axis, zdir="z", offset=min_z
)
chart.contour(x_axis, y_axis, z_axis, extend3d=True)
set_labels(chart, "y", "z", "w")
# slider
axis_slider = plt.axes([0.12, 0.03, 0.78, 0.03], axisbg="white")
slider = Slider(axis_slider, "x", min_x, max_x, valinit=min_x)
slider.on_changed(update)
set_limits(chart)
if kind == "slice":
plot_slice()
elif kind == "countour":
plot_countour()
self.show_plot()
